Tampa FL002

1862-06-30 to 1862-07-01 · FL · Operations Against Tampa [June-July 1862] · frozen result: Confederate · NPS summary (as listed)

CWSAC description
On June 30, a Union gunboat came into Tampa Bay, turned her broadside on the town, and opened her ports. The gunboat then dispatched a launch carrying 20 men and a lieutenant under a flag of truce demanding the surrender of Tampa. The Confederates refused, and the gunboat opened fire. The officer then informed the Confederates that shelling would commence at 6:00 pm after allowing time to evacuate non-combatants from the city. Firing continued sporadically into the afternoon of July 1, when the Federal gunboat withdrew.

Command responsibility (ledger v2)

US: A.J. Drake

Grade A under rule 2; echelon flotilla.

A cited passage states the command.

Captain
arnold-cwsac-commanders, battle FL002, belligerent US, fullname A.J. Drake; column rank · snapshot 6c587c298717…
a Federal gunboat, commanded by Captain Drake,
or14-pearson-tampa-selections-v1 · snapshot 849bef03ed68…

Confederate: John W. Pearson

Grade A under rule 2; echelon detachment_or_post.

A cited passage states the command: Pearson signs as commander of the post and refused the surrender demand himself.

Captain
arnold-cwsac-commanders, battle FL002, belligerent Confederate, fullname John W. Pearson; column rank · snapshot 6c587c298717…
J. W. PEARSON, Captain Osceola Rangers and Commander of Post
or14-pearson-tampa-selections-v1 · snapshot 849bef03ed68…
My reply to him was that we did not under- stand the meaning of the word surrender;
or14-pearson-tampa-selections-v1 · snapshot 849bef03ed68…

Side strength (ledger v3)

US: grade D: no usable figure (modelled in the rating runs)

whole_engagement_leakage

InputClassPrintedBasisBoundCodesPassage
us-launch-20bound20unknownlowerpartial_scopedossier claim reported-force-scope

Confederate: grade D: no usable figure (modelled in the rating runs)

whole_engagement_leakage

InputClassPrintedBasisBoundCodesPassage
cs-boat-18bound18unknownlowerpartial_scopedossier claim reported-force-scope

Dossier claims

Draft dossier, revision . Claims are extraction records with their quoted passages, not historical adjudication. JSON

information

supportedunresolved Finegan's report rests on advices that the batteries were replying and says he apprehended no attempt to capture Tampa; Pearson relies on onlookers for the claim that the vessel was struck and says he cannot tell what damage was done.

Secondhand knowledge in both reports. No original reconnaissance, order or message chain was inspected to establish contemporary knowledge. Surprise in a summary does not independently establish what each commander knew. Finegan's report is dated July 8 but speaks of the firing in the present tense.

my advices are that our batteries are replying deliberately and regu- larly to the fire of the enemy.
or14-finegan-tampa-selections-v1, p.110 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot ba5e68b40666…
I apprehend no attempt on the part of . the Federals to capture Tampa.
or14-finegan-tampa-selections-v1, p.110 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot ba5e68b40666…
It is said by outsiders who were close lookers-on that we struck their vessel.
or14-pearson-tampa-selections-v1, p.111 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot 849bef03ed68…
we cannot tell what damage was done to them.
or14-pearson-tampa-selections-v1, p.112 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot 849bef03ed68…

logistics

supportedunresolved Pearson moved part of his ammunition a mile to the rear under guard, and on July 1 did not reply because the vessel was out of range and his ammunition too scarce to waste.

One commander's statement; no ordnance return inspected.

I had a part of my ammunition, &c., moved 1 mile in the rear and placed a guard over them.
or14-pearson-tampa-selections-v1, p.111 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot 849bef03ed68…
did not fire in consequence of their being out of the range of our guns and ammunition too scarce to be wasted foolishly.
or14-pearson-tampa-selections-v1, p.111 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot 849bef03ed68…

objectives

supportedunresolved Pearson says the launch's lieutenant demanded, for Captain Drake, the unconditional surrender of the town and announced shelling at 6 o'clock; Finegan presumed the aim was to annoy the Confederates for killing and capturing Union men on the coast.

The Union aim is known only through Confederate reports.

he had been sent by Captain Drake to demand an unconditional surrender of the town.
or14-pearson-tampa-selections-v1, p.111 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot 849bef03ed68…
He then said they would commence shelling the town at 6 o’clock,
or14-pearson-tampa-selections-v1, p.111 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot 849bef03ed68…
I presume they intend to annoy us for killing and capturing their men on our coast.
or14-finegan-tampa-selections-v1, p.110 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot ba5e68b40666…

outcome

supportedpost_outcome The frozen result reads Confederate victory (Inconclusive, but Union gunboat withdrew.); the live result reads Confederate Victory. Pearson says the firing ran about an hour from 6 p.m. on June 30 and two hours on July 1, after which the vessel weighed anchor and left the town in Confederate possession; NPS says the gunboat withdrew in the afternoon of July 1.

Retain the original result and engagement interval; later movements and campaign contribution are different measures. No new probabilities or individual causal credit. The frozen text's own qualifier (inconclusive) is preserved.

Confederate victory (Inconclusive, but Union gunboat withdrew.)
arnold-cwsac-battles, battle FL002; column results_text · snapshot 952b5d08402a…
Confederate Victory
nps-fl002-v1, Results · snapshot 3f70393fd80d…
Both parties then kept up a regular fire until 7 p. m., about one hour,
or14-pearson-tampa-selections-v1, p.111 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot 849bef03ed68…
kept it up until 12 o’clock — two hours.
or14-pearson-tampa-selections-v1, p.111 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot 849bef03ed68…
then weighed anchor, and in a few minutes showed us her stern, and left us in peaceful possession of the town
or14-pearson-tampa-selections-v1, p.112 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot 849bef03ed68…
Firing continued sporadically into the afternoon of July 1, when the Federal gunboat withdrew.
nps-fl002-v1, Description · snapshot 3f70393fd80d…

supportedpost_outcome The frozen casualty text reads None (0); the live field reads zero. Pearson reports nobody hurt on his side and cannot say what damage was done to the vessel.

Original casualty returns were not inspected; preserve totals, categories, cutoffs and differences. No canonical reconciliation or casualty-based opening count; related actions must not be added without resolving population overlap. No Union report was inspected.

None
arnold-cwsac-battles, battle FL002; column casualties_text · snapshot 952b5d08402a…
0 total (US 0; CS 0;)
nps-fl002-v1, Estimated Casualties · snapshot 3f70393fd80d…
Nobody hurt on our side;
or14-pearson-tampa-selections-v1, p.112 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot 849bef03ed68…

responsibility

supportedunresolved Pearson, signing as captain of the Osceola Rangers and commander of the post, refused the demand himself and credits Captain Gettis with commanding a battery; the gunboat was commanded by Captain Drake. The frozen commanders are Captain John W. Pearson (CS) and Captain A. J. Drake (US, navy); the live page gives Captain Andrew Drake and Captain J Pearson.

Command roles from the Confederate report only; neither listed commander receives automatic sole credit.

J. W. PEARSON, Captain Osceola Rangers and Commander of Post
or14-pearson-tampa-selections-v1, p.112 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot 849bef03ed68…
My reply to him was that we did not under- stand the meaning of the word surrender;
or14-pearson-tampa-selections-v1, p.111 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot 849bef03ed68…
a Federal gunboat, commanded by Captain Drake,
or14-pearson-tampa-selections-v1, p.111 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot 849bef03ed68…
Captain
arnold-cwsac-commanders, battle FL002, belligerent Confederate, fullname John W. Pearson; column rank · snapshot 6c587c298717…
Captain
arnold-cwsac-commanders, battle FL002, belligerent US, fullname A.J. Drake; column rank · snapshot 6c587c298717…
Captain Andrew Drake [US]
nps-fl002-v1, Principal Commanders · snapshot 3f70393fd80d…

strength

unknownunresolved

No inspected return establishes matched personnel at a common opening boundary. The frozen side-specific numerical strength bounds are blank (missing_numeric_strength). No figure in this pass is adopted as a simultaneous opening force.

disputedunresolved The frozen force text reads one gunboat (US) and a company of Osceola Rangers (CS); the live field reads zero. Pearson says the gunboat sent a launch with a lieutenant and 20 men, that he met it with 18 men in one of his boats, and that his batteries consisted of three 24-pounder cannon, one manned by a green squad under Captain Gettis. Finegan, reporting from Tallahassee, says two companies, Pearson's and Chambers's, were stationed at Tampa and that the enemy force was one vessel.

Unit and gun counts from two Confederate reports; no Union report was found (see open questions). One company (frozen) against two (Finegan) is preserved. None is adopted as a matched opening strength. The live zero is not measured absence.

One gunboat [US]; Osceola Rangers, company [CS]
arnold-cwsac-battles, battle FL002; column forces_text · snapshot 952b5d08402a…
0 total (US 0; CS 0;)
nps-fl002-v1, Forces Engaged · snapshot 3f70393fd80d…
then started a launch, with a lieutenant and 20 men, bearing a flag of truce, toward our shore.
or14-pearson-tampa-selections-v1, p.111 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot 849bef03ed68…
I immediately manned one of my boats with 18 men and met them in the bay,
or14-pearson-tampa-selections-v1, p.111 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot 849bef03ed68…
consisting of three 24-pounder cannon.
or14-pearson-tampa-selections-v1, p.111 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot 849bef03ed68…
He took command of one of the batteries manned by a green squad of my men who had never fired a cannon before,
or14-pearson-tampa-selections-v1, p.111 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot 849bef03ed68…
There are two companies (Pearson’s and Chambers’] stationed at Tampa,
or14-finegan-tampa-selections-v1, p.110 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot ba5e68b40666…
The force engaged (one vessel) for- bids such an idea.
or14-finegan-tampa-selections-v1, p.110 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot ba5e68b40666…

terrain

supportedunresolved Pearson says the vessel anchored after sounding and manoeuvring, turned her broadside to the town, and lay out of range of his guns at a distance printed as '2£ to 2£ miles' in OCR.

Distances garbled in OCR; one interested report; no map verification.

after sounding and maneuvering to get a favorable position came to anchor, turned her broadside to us and opened her ports,
or14-pearson-tampa-selections-v1, p.111 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot 849bef03ed68…
They lay out of the range of our guns (the vessel) by from 2£ to 2£ miles from our batteries,
or14-pearson-tampa-selections-v1, p.111 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot 849bef03ed68…

Open questions