Utoy Creek GA019

1864-08-05 to 1864-08-07 · GA · Atlanta Campaign [May-September 1864] · frozen result: Inconclusive · NPS summary (as listed)

CWSAC description
After failing to envelop Hood's left flank at Ezra Church, Sherman still wanted to extend his right flank to hit the railroad between East Point and Atlanta. He transferred John M. Schofield' s Army of the Ohio from his left to his right flank and sent him to the north bank of Utoy Creek. Although Schofield's troops were at Utoy Creek on August 2, they, along with the XIV Corps, Army of the Cumberland, did not cross until the 4th. Schofield's force began its movement to exploit this situation on the morning of the 5th, which was initially successful. Schofield then had to regroup his forces, which took the rest of the day. The delay allowed the Rebels to strengthen their defenses with abatis, which slowed the Union attack when it restarted on the morning of the 6th. The Federals were repulsed with heavy losses by Bate's Division and failed in an attempt to break the railroad. On the 7th, the Union troops moved toward the Confederate main line and entrenched. Here they remained until late August.

Dossier claims

Draft dossier, revision atlanta-review-correction-2026-09-25. Claims are extraction records with their quoted passages, not historical adjudication. JSON

information

supportedunresolved Cox says chopping heard through the night of the 5th showed the Confederate infantry had moved onto the hillside, and that Baird told Schofield he did not recognize his authority. Schofield says he was satisfied the line was only an outer line. Cox says a reconnaissance of the 12th found the Confederate lines farther forward than Sherman or Schofield had thought.

Attributed knowledge from interested accounts; no message log inspected.

had given evidence that the enemy's infantry had moved in force upon it.
cox-atlanta-selections-v2, p.192 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot d7ae08f7388f…
Baird notified Scho field that he did not recognize his authority,
cox-atlanta-selections-v2, p.191 (inferred page: the p.191 running head reads "19)" in OCR; not checked against print) · snapshot d7ae08f7388f…
I was satisfied that the enemy’s line which
or38-2-schofield-utoy-selections-v1, pp.517–518 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot 8568f2f70e35…
This demonstrated the fact that the Confederate lines were farther in front of the West Point Kailway than either Sherman or Schofield had thought.
cox-atlanta-selections-v2, p.195 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot d7ae08f7388f…

logistics

unknownunresolved

No battle-specific supply, ammunition or transport return was inspected. Retrospective descriptions are not readiness measures.

objectives

supportedunresolved Schofield says he attacked the outer line near its junction with the main line hoping to cut off the troops to its right and reach the main line first. Cox says Sherman believed his right must be near the railroad. NPS says Sherman wanted to reach the railroad between East Point and Atlanta.

Stated plans from interested accounts and a summary; not a causal estimate.

in the hope of cutting off the force to our right of the point of attack,
or38-2-schofield-utoy-selections-v1, p.518 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot 8568f2f70e35…
Sherman was now of the opinion that his right wing must be near the railroad,
cox-atlanta-selections-v2, p.189 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot d7ae08f7388f…
Sherman still wanted to extend his right flank to hit the railroad between East Point and Atlanta.
nps-ga019-v1, Description · snapshot a490e1657e98…

outcome

supportedpost_outcome The frozen result reads Inconclusive and the live page Indecisive. Schofield says Reilly's brigade retired with heavy loss and that the enemy abandoned the position that night for his main works; Cox says Hascall's crossing enfiladed Bate's line, which was abandoned in the night, and quotes Sherman calling the next day's advance a noisy but not a bloody battle. NPS says the Federals were repulsed and failed to break the railroad.

Retain the original result and engagement interval; later movements and campaign contribution are different measures. No new probabilities or individual causal credit.

Inconclusive
arnold-cwsac-battles, battle GA019; column results_text · snapshot 952b5d08402a…
Indecisive
nps-ga019-v1, Results · snapshot a490e1657e98…
the gallant brigade w~as compelled to retire with heavy loss.
or38-2-schofield-utoy-selections-v1, p.518 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot 8568f2f70e35…
The next morning developed the fact that the enemy had abandoned his position in the night and drawn back his left into his main works.
or38-2-schofield-utoy-selections-v1, p.518 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot 8568f2f70e35…
The position thus acquired enfiladed Bate's line, and in the night it was abandoned.
cox-atlanta-selections-v2, p.193 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot d7ae08f7388f…
noisy, but not a bloody bat tle.
cox-atlanta-selections-v2, p.194 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot d7ae08f7388f…
The Federals were repulsed with heavy losses by Bate's Division and failed in an attempt to break the railroad.
nps-ga019-v1, Description · snapshot a490e1657e98…

disputedpost_outcome The frozen casualty text reads Unknown; the live field reads 625 (US 400; CS 225). Cox gives Reilly's loss on the 6th as a little over three hundred, and Baird's loss in carrying the skirmish line on the 5th as 83 killed and wounded with 140 prisoners taken. Schofield's inspected passage gives no figure and says no movement of consequence was made during the 4th and 5th, without mentioning the skirmish-line action Cox places on the 5th.

Original casualty returns were not inspected; preserve totals, categories, cutoffs and differences. No canonical reconciliation or casualty-based opening count; related actions must not be added without resolving population overlap. Cox's figures are partial and span two days; the live figures have no inspected basis. Schofield and Cox differ on whether there was fighting of consequence on August 5.

Unknown
arnold-cwsac-battles, battle GA019; column casualties_text · snapshot 952b5d08402a…
625 total (US 400; CS 225;)
nps-ga019-v1, Estimated Casualties · snapshot a490e1657e98…
Reilly was withdrawn, with a loss of a little over three hundred men.
cox-atlanta-selections-v2, p.193 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot d7ae08f7388f…
was carried with a loss of 83 killed and wounded. One hundred and forty prisoners were captured from the enemy.
cox-atlanta-selections-v2, p.192 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot d7ae08f7388f…
During the 4th and 5th no movement of consequence was made.
or38-2-schofield-utoy-selections-v1, p.517 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot 8568f2f70e35…

responsibility

supportedunresolved Cox says the dispute over Palmer's rank and Schofield's authority delayed movements, that Sherman called the delays unpardonable, that Schofield reported he had totally failed to make any aggressive movement with the Fourteenth Corps, and that the delays encouraged Hood to entrench the Sandtown road line. Schofield says Reilly's brigade executed the order gallantly. The frozen commanders are General John Bell Hood and Major General John M. Schofield; the live page gives Major General John Schofield and General John Hood.

Attributed judgments from interested accounts (Cox commanded the assaulting division); Palmer and Baird are not listed commanders; the frozen commanders do not receive automatic sole credit, and the live ranks are not adopted.

suffering for two days a game of cross purposes which greatly obstructed and delayed movements on that flank,
cox-atlanta-selections-v2, p.190 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot d7ae08f7388f…
Again delays oc curred, which Sherman characterized as unpardonable,
cox-atlanta-selections-v2, p.191 (inferred page: the p.191 running head reads "19)" in OCR; not checked against print) · snapshot d7ae08f7388f…
I am compelled to acknowledge that I have totally failed to make any aggressive movement with the Fourteenth Corps.
cox-atlanta-selections-v2, p.192 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot d7ae08f7388f…
Encouraged by the delays of the past forty-eight hours, Hood had determined to intrench the line of the Sandtown road
cox-atlanta-selections-v2, p.192 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot d7ae08f7388f…
The order was gallantly executed.
or38-2-schofield-utoy-selections-v1, p.518 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot 8568f2f70e35…
General
arnold-cwsac-commanders, battle GA019, belligerent Confederate, fullname John Bell Hood; column rank · snapshot 6c587c298717…
Major General
arnold-cwsac-commanders, battle GA019, belligerent US, fullname John M. Schofield; column rank · snapshot 6c587c298717…
Major General John Schofield [US]
nps-ga019-v1, Principal Commanders · snapshot a490e1657e98…
General John Hood [CS]
nps-ga019-v1, Principal Commanders · snapshot a490e1657e98…

strength

unknownunresolved

No inspected return establishes matched personnel at a common opening boundary. The frozen side-specific numerical strength bounds are blank (missing_numeric_strength). No figure in this pass is adopted as a simultaneous opening force.

disputedunresolved The frozen force fields name the Army of the Ohio and the Army of Tennessee without counts; the live field reads zero. Schofield says Reilly's brigade, supported by all of Cox's division, made the assault of the 6th against a line he judged an outer line not held in strong force. Cox says the works were strongly held by Bate's division (from prisoners) and that Hood had put part of Hardee's corps on the Sandtown road line. NPS adds the Fourteenth Corps.

Formation statements that conflict on the defenders' strength; no count is inspected and none is adopted. The live zero is not measured absence.

Army of the Ohio [US]; Army of Tennessee [CS]
arnold-cwsac-battles, battle GA019; column forces_text · snapshot 952b5d08402a…
0 total (US 0; CS 0;)
nps-ga019-v1, Forces Engaged · snapshot a490e1657e98…
General Reilly’s brigade, supported by the whole of Cox’s division, was ordered to make the assault.
or38-2-schofield-utoy-selections-v1, p.518 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot 8568f2f70e35…
had held our right in check for two days was only an outer line and not held in strong force,
or38-2-schofield-utoy-selections-v1, p.518 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot 8568f2f70e35…
They were found to be strongly held,
cox-atlanta-selections-v2, p.193 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot d7ae08f7388f…
occupied, as was learned from prisoners, by Bate's division.
cox-atlanta-selections-v2, p.193 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot d7ae08f7388f…
had put part of Hardee's corps upon it,
cox-atlanta-selections-v2, p.192 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot d7ae08f7388f…
along with the XIV Corps, Army of the Cumberland,
nps-ga019-v1, Description · snapshot a490e1657e98…

terrain

supportedunresolved Schofield says the position was a rough and broken ridge on the east bank of a branch of Utoy Creek, and that abatis and entanglements made success impossible. Cox says the brigade crossed an open valley and struck felled, interlaced trees. NPS says the delay let the Confederates strengthen their defences with abatis.

Ground from interested accounts and a summary; no map verification. The Confederate line was entrenched during the operation and is not tagged inherited.

This position was, however, a strong one, being a rough and broken ridge along the east bank of a small branch of the Utoy Creek.
or38-2-schofield-utoy-selections-v1, p.518 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot 8568f2f70e35…
but the abatis and entanglements were such as to render success impossi¬ ble,
or38-2-schofield-utoy-selections-v1, p.518 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot 8568f2f70e35…
The narrow valley was open, and to the east the hills on the other side were wooded.
cox-atlanta-selections-v2, p.192 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot d7ae08f7388f…
It soon found itself in the entanglement of felled trees, and of under growth half cut off, then bent down and interlaced,
cox-atlanta-selections-v2, p.193 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot d7ae08f7388f…
The delay allowed the Rebels to strengthen their defenses with abatis,
nps-ga019-v1, Description · snapshot a490e1657e98…

Open questions