Bear River ID001

supportedunresolved Connor says he learned of the encampment from various sources, sent a small force ahead to deceive the Indians, was delayed by the difficulty of finding a guide to the ford, and feared at daylight that the Indians would see his strength.

Knowledge attributed in an interested report; no message log inspected.

supportedunresolved Connor says the infantry train carried twenty days' supplies, not less than seventy-five men had their feet frozen, the howitzers did not reach the field because of the snow, and the Mormon settlers gave no information and charged high prices.

March conditions from an interested report; not a return.

supportedunresolved Connor says he meant to chastise the band he held responsible for killing miners and emigrants, and, after Chief Justice Kinney had made a requisition for troops to arrest Bear Hunter, San Pitch and Sagwich, told the marshal that he did not intend to take any prisoners. NPS says Shoshoni raids provoked the retaliation.

Connor's attributions of guilt are his, not findings; no Shoshone account was inspected. No account by the Shoshone side was inspected; their numbers, aims and losses come from their opponents, NPS or Bancroft's summaries.

disputedpost_outcome The frozen result reads Union victory (massacre) and the frozen other name Massacre at Boa Ogoi; the live result reads Union Victory. Wright calls the victory complete and Connor says the fight lasted from about 6 to 10 o'clock. NPS says the troops killed most of the warriors and a number of women, children and old men. Bancroft reports the band almost annihilated and remarks that, had the Indians committed the deed, it would be called a butchery or a massacre.

Retain the original result and engagement interval; later movements and campaign contribution are different measures. No new probabilities or individual causal credit. The characterizations (victory, battle, massacre) are the sources' and are not adopted.

disputedpost_outcome The frozen casualty text reads 451 (US 67; I 384); the live field reads 315 (US 65; CS 250). Connor found 224 bodies and did not examine the field, and left a number of captive women and children read 'ICO' in OCR (not decoded). Wright gives 14 killed and 4 officers and 49 men wounded, of whom 1 officer and 5 men died. Bancroft gives fourteen killed and forty-nine wounded and summarizes two local accounts: 200 killed, and 368 dead counted by an eyewitness from Franklin, about 90 of them women and children.

Original casualty returns were not inspected; preserve totals, categories, cutoffs and differences. No canonical reconciliation or casualty-based opening count; related actions must not be added without resolving population overlap. Wright's 14 + 4 + 49 equals the frozen US 67; the frozen 384 and live 250 are not traced.

supportedunresolved The frozen commanders are Colonel Patrick Edward Connor and Bear Hunter (no rank recorded); the live page tags Bear Hunter [CS], not adopted. Connor says McGarry had dismounted the cavalry and engaged before he arrived, and that he then ordered McGarry to turn the left flank and the infantry across the river; NPS says an early frontal attack was repulsed before Connor took over. Connor lists Bear Hunter among the dead.

Command roles from an interested report and the NPS summary; no automatic sole credit.

unknownunresolved

No inspected return establishes matched personnel at a common opening boundary. The frozen side-specific numerical strength bounds are blank (missing_numeric_strength). No figure in this pass is adopted as a simultaneous opening force.

supportedunresolved The frozen force field names the District of Utah and Shoshoni Indians without figures; the live field reads 0. The frozen description gives about 300 Shoshoni warriors. Connor moved with 220 cavalry and an infantry company with two howitzers, and says no more than 200 were engaged because of frozen feet and detachments, against about 300 warriors; Wright repeats 200 engaged. Bancroft gives some three hundred Shoshones and Bannacks and about two hundred of Connor's men, of a command of 300 volunteers.

Column, engaged and opponent-estimated figures: 220 cavalry left Camp Douglas on January 24; 200 engaged and about 300 warriors refer to January 29 by Connor's estimate; Bancroft's 300 volunteers is the whole command and follows Connor. No account by the Shoshone side was inspected; their numbers, aims and losses come from their opponents, NPS or Bancroft's summaries. None is adopted as a matched opening strength.

supportedunresolved Connor says the Indians held a deep, dry ravine six to twelve feet deep and thirty to forty feet wide with abrupt banks, with steps cut to fire from and woven willow covers; the ford was deep and rapid, and the surrounding plain level and open. Bancroft places the position in the ravine where Battle Creek enters Bear River. NPS describes cut access trails in the embankments.

A natural ravine improved by its defenders; tag unresolved. No map verification.