Cynthiana KY011

supportedunresolved Burbridge says he learned from his scouts on the evening of the 11th that Morgan had taken Cynthiana and that Hobson had surrendered, and marched that night. Morgan's June 11 letter adds at 6 p.m. that he had just learned Burbridge's force was moving to attack him.

Knowledge claimed by each commander; no message log inspected.

supportedunresolved Morgan wrote on June 11 that he was almost out of ammunition, feared having to fall back before he could get ammunition for his Enfields (the enemy carrying old muskets), and in his report says his ammunition was almost exhausted on the 12th. Burbridge says his column drew fresh horses, rations and ammunition at Lexington before marching, and reported Morgan's men out of ammunition after the rout.

Supply statements from the two commanders; no ordnance return inspected.

supportedunresolved Morgan says it was decided that he should move into Kentucky to gain the rear of the forces moving toward the salt-works and lead-mines of Southwest Virginia, which could not leave him in their rear without pursuing, and counts the defeat of that plan as the first result of the raid. Burbridge's report describes his pursuit from the Big Sandy after Morgan entered the state.

Stated aims from the Confederate commander's report written after the raid; campaign-level aims are context, not this record's tactical result.

supportedpost_outcome The frozen and live results read Union victory. Burbridge reported that after an hour's hard fighting he completely routed Morgan and recaptured most of Hobson's command. Morgan says that, finding he would soon be enveloped with his ammunition nearly gone, he ordered a withdrawal; on the 11th he had taken Cynthiana and Hobson's force.

Retain the original result and engagement interval; later movements and campaign contribution are different measures. No new probabilities or individual causal credit. The frozen interval spans Morgan's successes on the 11th and his defeat on the 12th; the result field is kept.

disputedpost_outcome The frozen and live casualty fields read 2,092 (US 1,092; CS 1,000). Burbridge reported killing 300, wounding as many and capturing nearly 400 at Cynthiana, for a loss of about 150 killed and wounded; for the loss of his immediate command his report appends the total of the brigade reports, 53 killed, 156 wounded and 205 missing, with a footnote that many of the missing had since returned to their regiments. Morgan gives his loss over the whole raid as about 80 killed, 125 wounded and 150 captured and missing, and says 2,500 prisoners were paroled. NPS says Morgan had about 1,300 Union prisoners camping with him overnight after the 11th.

Original casualty returns were not inspected; preserve totals, categories, cutoffs and differences. No canonical reconciliation or casualty-based opening count; related actions must not be added without resolving population overlap. Burbridge's list and Morgan's totals cover the whole raid; NPS's about 1,300 prisoners of the 11th and Morgan's 400 and 1,500 (or 2,000) surrendered bear on the frozen Union 1,092, but no inspected source states its basis.

supportedunresolved The frozen and live commanders are Brigadier Generals John Hunt Morgan and Stephen Gano Burbridge. Morgan says he took command of Cassell's battalion in person to get into Hobson's rear on the 11th, and on the 12th ordered his brigade commanders to fall back on the Augusta road. Burbridge says he formed the line and ordered the charge, sent Garrard's regiments to the flanks, and ordered Garrard to pursue; NPS says Morgan escaped.

Command roles from the two commanders and a summary; the listed commanders do not receive automatic sole credit.

unknownunresolved

No inspected return establishes matched personnel at a common opening boundary. The frozen side-specific numerical strength bounds are blank (missing_numeric_strength). No figure in this pass is adopted as a simultaneous opening force.

disputedunresolved The frozen force field names the 168th Ohio, the 171st Ohio National Guard and the Harrison County Home Guards against Morgan's Division, without bounds; the live field reads zero. NPS gives Morgan 1,200 men against Garis's about 300 at Cynthiana and Hobson's about 750 at Keller's Bridge on the 11th, and Burbridge 2,400 on the 12th. Burbridge says his column including Garrard's brigade was about 2,400 strong; he reported Morgan's raiding force as nearly 3,000 on entering Kentucky and says it had been reported at 5,000. Morgan says about 400 surrendered in Cynthiana and puts Hobson's surrendered brigade at 2,000 in his June 11 letter and 1,500 in his report, and says he was attacked on the 12th by 5,200 while his command engaged did not exceed 1,200.

Figures of each commander for his own side and estimates of the other, on two different days; no matched return. None is adopted as a matched opening strength. The live zero is not measured absence.

supportedunresolved NPS describes the attack at the covered bridge, the trapping of Hobson's force in a meander of the Licking River a mile north of town, and the fire that destroyed many buildings. Morgan says the Federals took shelter in houses on the 11th and, having no artillery, he had them fired. Burbridge says on the 12th the Confederates on the flanks fought from stone walls and high rail fences, and that many were drowned trying to cross the river when the other escape route was blocked.

Ground described by the two commanders and a summary; no map verification.