Vermillion Bayou LA008

1863-04-17 to 1863-04-17 · LA · Operations in West Louisiana [April 1863] · frozen result: Union · NPS summary (as listed)

CWSAC description
While Rear Adm. David G. Farragut remained above Port Hudson with USS Hartford and Albatross, Maj. Gen. Nathaniel P. Banks decided to go after Maj. Gen. Richard Taylor's Confederate forces in western Louisiana. He moved by water to Donaldsonville and began a march to Thibodeaux up Bayou Lafourche. Banks beat Taylor at Fort Bisland and Irish Bend, forcing the Rebel army to retreat up the bayou. Taylor reached Vermillionville, crossed Vermillion Bayou, destroyed the bridge, and rested. Banks, in pursuit, sent two columns, on different roads, toward Vermillion Bayou on the morning of April 17. One column reached the bayou while the bridge was burning, advanced, and began skirmishing. Confederate artillery, strategically placed, forced the Yankees back. Then Federal artillery opened a duel with its Confederate counterpart. After dark, the Rebels retreated to Opelousas. The Confederates had slowed the Union advance.

Command responsibility (ledger v2)

US: Cuvier Grover

Grade A under rule 2; echelon division. superior_directing

Irwin has Grover, with the main body of his division, pursue on the Vermilion road and engage Green's rear guard at the bridge, while Banks went by Saint Martinsville; Dwight's skirmishers were Grover's (rule 2, grade A). Banks directed the pursuit and sent two columns toward Vermillion Bayou on the 17th (description); he himself marched by Saint Martinsville (superior_directing: Banks).

Brigadier General
arnold-cwsac-commanders, battle LA008, belligerent US, fullname Cuvier Grover; column rank · snapshot 6c587c298717…
On the 17th of April, Grover, with the main body of his division,
irwin-west-louisiana-1863-selections-v1 · snapshot d8f0c84409fa…
continued the pursuit toward Vermilion, while Banks, with Weitzel and Emory, marched to Saint Martinsville,
irwin-west-louisiana-1863-selections-v1 · snapshot d8f0c84409fa…

Confederate: Richard Taylor

Grade A under rule 2; echelon army.

Taylor's report has him burn the bridges and post the guns and sharpshooters at the Vermilion; Irwin has Taylor cross and camp on the north bank. Green commanded the rear guard, a part of the force: subordinate context (rule 2, grade A).

Major General
arnold-cwsac-commanders, battle LA008, belligerent Confederate, fullname Richard Taylor; column rank · snapshot 6c587c298717…
As soon as the whole train and all our forces had crossed the bayou 1 had the bridges burned, and posting four pieces of artillery on the heights
or15-taylor-west-louisiana-selections-v1 · snapshot 140573f52675…
crossed the Vermilion River, went into camp on the high ground on the north bank, and burned the bridges behind him.
irwin-west-louisiana-1863-selections-v1 · snapshot d8f0c84409fa…

Side strength (ledger v3)

US: grade D: no usable figure (modelled in the rating runs)

whole_engagement_leakage

Confederate: grade D: no usable figure (modelled in the rating runs)

whole_engagement_leakage

Dossier claims

Draft dossier, revision west-louisiana-1863-review-correction-2026-09-25. Claims are extraction records with their quoted passages, not historical adjudication. JSON

information

supportedunresolved Irwin says Grover sighted Green's rear guard crossing the Vermilion early in the afternoon; NPS says Banks sent two columns by different roads that morning and that one column reached the bayou while the bridge was burning; NPS gives no clock for the contact. Irwin says Banks felt the want of mounted troops on the plains.

Attributed observation from a history and a summary; no dispatches inspected. Irwin's early-afternoon sighting and NPS's morning dispatch of the columns are recorded as written; the clock of contact is not resolved.

Early in the afternoon Grover caught sight of Green's rear-guard of Taylor's retreating forces, then about two miles distant, and in the act of crossing the Vermilion.
irwin-west-louisiana-1863-selections-v1, p.124 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot d8f0c84409fa…
Banks, in pursuit, sent two columns, on different roads, toward Vermillion Bayou on the morning of April 17.
nps-la008-v1, Description · snapshot d9dff6e42662…
Then began to be felt the need of such a force of mounted troops as on these plains formed the main strength of Taylor's little army,
irwin-west-louisiana-1863-selections-v1, p.125 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot d8f0c84409fa…

logistics

supportedunresolved Taylor says his exhausted troops and teams rested from Thursday afternoon until midday Friday and that the rear guard later enabled an extensive train to cross the Boeuf; Irwin says Grover spent April 18 rebuilding the bridge.

Movement statements from an interested report and a history; not returns.

the troops and teams, which were much exhausted, were allowed to rest from Thursday afternoon until midday on Friday.
or15-taylor-west-louisiana-selections-v1, pp.393–394 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot 140573f52675…
enabling us to move across the Boeuff, and be- yond danger of capture, an extensive train.
or15-taylor-west-louisiana-selections-v1, p.394 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot 140573f52675…
The next day, the iSth of April, was spent by Grover in rebuilding the main bridge.
irwin-west-louisiana-1863-selections-v1, p.125 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot d8f0c84409fa…

objectives

supportedunresolved Taylor had the bridges burned once his train and troops were over; Irwin says the Confederates were posted to prevent the rebuilding and judges that more cavalry would have saved the bridge.

Stated aims from an interested report and a history; Irwin's cavalry judgment is counterfactual.

As soon as the whole train and all our forces had crossed the bayou 1 had the bridges burned,
or15-taylor-west-louisiana-selections-v1, p.393 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot 140573f52675…
posted to hinder or prevent the work of reconstruction.
irwin-west-louisiana-1863-selections-v1, p.124 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot d8f0c84409fa…
would have saved the bridge and insured the dispersion or the destruction of Taylor's force.
irwin-west-louisiana-1863-selections-v1, p.125 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot d8f0c84409fa…

outcome

disputedpost_outcome The frozen result reads Union victory and the live result Union Victory. NPS says Confederate artillery forced the Union troops back and that the Confederates retreated after dark having slowed the advance; Irwin says Dwight drove off the enemy; Taylor says the retreat resumed on Friday.

Retain the original result and engagement interval; later movements and campaign contribution are different measures. No new probabilities or individual causal credit. The accounts differ on the course of the artillery fight.

Union victory
arnold-cwsac-battles, battle LA008; column results_text · snapshot 952b5d08402a…
Union Victory
nps-la008-v1, Results · snapshot d9dff6e42662…
Confederate artillery, strategically placed, forced the Yankees back.
nps-la008-v1, Description · snapshot d9dff6e42662…
The Confederates had slowed the Union advance.
nps-la008-v1, Description · snapshot d9dff6e42662…
The retreat was recommenced on Friday,
or15-taylor-west-louisiana-selections-v1, p.394 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot 140573f52675…
drove off the enemy, posted to hinder or prevent the work of reconstruction.
irwin-west-louisiana-1863-selections-v1, p.124 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot d8f0c84409fa…

disputedpost_outcome The frozen casualty text reads Unknown; the live field reads zero. Irwin says Dwight lost one killed and five wounded; Grover's three-day return of 353 (LA007) includes April 17. Taylor gives no figure.

Original casualty returns were not inspected; preserve totals, categories, cutoffs and differences. No canonical reconciliation or casualty-based opening count; related actions must not be added without resolving population overlap. Dwight's figure is one brigade's; Grover's return overlaps LA007 and is not split.

Unknown
arnold-cwsac-battles, battle LA008; column casualties_text · snapshot 952b5d08402a…
0 total (US 0; CS 0;)
nps-la008-v1, Estimated Casualties · snapshot d9dff6e42662…
In this affair Dwieht lost one killed
irwin-west-louisiana-1863-selections-v1, p.124 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot d8f0c84409fa…
and five wounded.
irwin-west-louisiana-1863-selections-v1, p.125 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot d8f0c84409fa…

responsibility

supportedunresolved Irwin says Grover commanded the pursuit on the Vermilion road while Banks went by Saint Martinsville with Weitzel and Emory, and that Dwight's skirmishers and two batteries drove off the defenders. Taylor credits Green with the rear guard. The frozen commanders are Major General Richard Taylor and Brigadier General Cuvier Grover, as on the live page.

Command roles from a history and an interested report; the listed commanders do not receive automatic sole credit.

while Banks, with Weitzel and Emory, marched to Saint Martinsville,
irwin-west-louisiana-1863-selections-v1, p.124 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot d8f0c84409fa…
Dwight's skirmishers deployed on the right and left of the road, and, with the help of the guns of Closson and Nims, drove off the enemy,
irwin-west-louisiana-1863-selections-v1, p.124 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot d8f0c84409fa…
the rear guard under Colonel Green keeping almost constantly within gunshot distance of the enemy’s advance,
or15-taylor-west-louisiana-selections-v1, p.393 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot 140573f52675…
Major General
arnold-cwsac-commanders, battle LA008, belligerent Confederate, fullname Richard Taylor; column rank · snapshot 6c587c298717…
Brigadier General
arnold-cwsac-commanders, battle LA008, belligerent US, fullname Cuvier Grover; column rank · snapshot 6c587c298717…

strength

unknownunresolved

No inspected return establishes matched personnel at a common opening boundary. The frozen side-specific numerical strength bounds are blank (missing_numeric_strength). No figure in this pass is adopted as a simultaneous opening force.

supportedunresolved The frozen force field reads 4th Division, XIX Army Corps, Army of the Gulf [US] and District of Western Louisiana [CS]; the live field reads zero. Irwin says Banks's united force outnumbered Taylor's three to one on April 15, that Grover advanced on the Vermilion with his main body reinforced by Gooding's brigade, and that Taylor's army was melting away by desertion; Taylor says nearly all of Fournet's battalion deserted with their arms. No inspected passage gives a count for the action.

A ratio and unit identifications from a history and an interested report. None is adopted as a matched opening strength. The live zero is not measured absence.

4th Division, XIX Army Corps, Army of the Gulf [US]; District of Western Louisiana [CS]
arnold-cwsac-battles, battle LA008; column forces_text · snapshot 952b5d08402a…
0 total (US 0; CS 0;)
nps-la008-v1, Forces Engaged · snapshot d9dff6e42662…
now out- numbering Taylor's as three to one.
irwin-west-louisiana-1863-selections-v1, p.122 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot d8f0c84409fa…
Grover, with the main body of his division, reinforced by Gooding's brigade,
irwin-west-louisiana-1863-selections-v1, p.124 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot d8f0c84409fa…
Taylor's army began to melt away
irwin-west-louisiana-1863-selections-v1, p.122 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot d8f0c84409fa…
Nearly the whole of Lieutenant-Colonel Fournet’s battalion,
or15-taylor-west-louisiana-selections-v1, p.393 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot 140573f52675…

terrain

disputedunresolved NPS says Taylor crossed the bayou and destroyed the bridge; Irwin says he camped on the high ground on the north bank and burned the bridges, with the prairies beginning beyond New Iberia. Taylor posted four guns on the heights and sharpshooters along the upper bank. The sources place the burning differently: Irwin's p.122 puts the crossing and burning on April 16, and Taylor had the bridges burned once all were over and rested from Thursday afternoon (April 16, 1863 was a Thursday); Irwin's p.124 says the bridges were in flames before Grover could overtake the rear guard on April 17, and NPS says a column reached the bayou while the bridge was burning.

Ground described by a summary, a history and an interested report; no map verification. The burned bridges were Taylor's act, so the phase is left unresolved. The date of the burning differs between the passages and is not resolved.

crossed Vermillion Bayou, destroyed the bridge, and rested.
nps-la008-v1, Description · snapshot d9dff6e42662…
On the 1 6th he marched twenty miles, crossed the Vermilion River,
irwin-west-louisiana-1863-selections-v1, p.122 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot d8f0c84409fa…
went into camp on the high ground on the north bank, and burned the bridges behind him.
irwin-west-louisiana-1863-selections-v1, p.122 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot d8f0c84409fa…
the troops found themselves on the broad prairies of Western Louisiana,
irwin-west-louisiana-1863-selections-v1, p.123 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot d8f0c84409fa…
posting four pieces of artillery on the heights and sharpshooters along the upper banks,
or15-taylor-west-louisiana-selections-v1, p.393 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot 140573f52675…
the troops and teams, which were much exhausted, were allowed to rest from Thursday afternoon until midday on Friday.
or15-taylor-west-louisiana-selections-v1, pp.393–394 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot 140573f52675…
Before Grover could overtake them, the bridges were in flames.
irwin-west-louisiana-1863-selections-v1, p.124 (OCR page markers; not checked against print) · snapshot d8f0c84409fa…
One column reached the bayou while the bridge was burning,
nps-la008-v1, Description · snapshot d9dff6e42662…

Open questions