Newtonia MO016

supportedunresolved Salomon says his detachments were told to find the enemy without risking anything, that he had no official reports of the morning fight when he wrote, that Hall's failure to arrive on the road he reported is 'a mystery', and that Rains was reported arriving. Cooper was en route to Granby when the attack began, and says a Missouri regiment mistook Stevens's regiment for Federals, a delay that let the Federals get off with their batteries.

Reported knowledge in opposing interested reports; no message chain inspected.

supportedunresolved NPS and Cooper say the Newtonia mill was used to make breadstuffs, which Cooper says it supplied abundantly; Cooper sent a regiment to Granby for its lead mines. Cooper says Bledsoe's battery fought until its last shot and then took a new position without a shot in its caissons, and that the retreating Federals abandoned loaded wagons.

Condition statements from a summary and an interested report; no supply or ordnance return inspected.

supportedunresolved Cooper says his troops moved north to join Shelby and made Newtonia an outpost. Salomon says he intended to advance with his whole force when Hall arrived on the enemy's right flank.

Stated aims; not evaluated.

supportedpost_outcome The frozen and live results are Confederate victory. Salomon learned his troops attacking the town had been defeated and the infantry cut up, fell back on his defenses, and says the enemy could have been annihilated had Hall come in time. Cooper says the enemy fled in confusion in the morning and after dark as far as Sarcoxie, 12 miles. NPS says the retreat became a rout to Sarcoxie, more than ten miles.

Retain the original result and engagement interval; later movements and campaign contribution are different measures. No new probabilities or individual causal credit.

disputedpost_outcome Frozen: 345 total (US 245; CS 100). Live: 323 total (US 245; CS 78). Salomon says the afternoon loss was very small and gives no totals. Cooper says the Ninth Wisconsin infantry was nearly all killed or captured; his casualty return is headed but its table is not printed in the OCR.

Original casualty returns were not inspected; preserve totals, categories, cutoffs and differences. No canonical reconciliation or casualty-based opening count; related actions must not be added without resolving population overlap. The frozen and live figures are not found in the inspected passages.

supportedunresolved The frozen rows list Cooper (Colonel) for the Confederates and Salomon (Brigadier General) for the Union; the live page styles Cooper Brigadier General. Salomon sent Jacobi forward the day before, marched to the field on hearing the firing, and ordered the retreat toward sunset when Hall had not come. Cooper assumed command on the 27th and personally directed the Choctaw and Chickasaw regiment's attack. NPS names the Union force as Blunt's army; Blunt is not a listed commander and was not on the field in the inspected passages.

Command actions reported by the two commanders; Hall's non-arrival is Salomon's complaint, not adjudicated. No listed commander receives automatic sole credit.

unknownunresolved

No inspected return establishes matched personnel at a common opening boundary. Imported numerical estimates remain unchanged; this pass does not validate them as simultaneous opening forces.

disputedunresolved The frozen force field gives two brigades of the Army of Kansas as 1,500 against Cooper's Division; the live field reads zero. NPS says two brigades of Blunt's army left Fort Scott. Salomon says his September 29 scouting party to Newtonia was the Ninth Kansas Cavalry (about 150) with two howitzers, that on the 30th he left some 400 Indians and two guns with the train, and that prisoners put the enemy at 7,000 after reinforcement. Cooper says his force never exceeded 4,000 with six guns, against 6,000 to 7,000 with eighteen guns by information from Federal sources.

A September 29 detachment count, a September 30 train guard and each side's estimate of the other; no inspected passage gives the Union strength engaged on September 30; the frozen 1,500 (numeric bounds 1,500 as both minimum and maximum) is not found in the inspected passages. None is adopted as a matched opening strength. The live zero is not measured absence.

supportedunresolved Salomon says the enemy held a strong position behind stone walls and massive buildings, and that his artillery fired from elevated ground into their masses. Cooper says his troops at the outpost were posted behind the stone fence, and that in the afternoon the enemy held the elevated ridge a mile north of the town.

Ground described by opposing interested reports; no map verification. The Confederate outpost predates the action; phase unresolved.