Fort Wagner/Morris Island SC007

disputedunresolved Gillmore says his knowledge of the north-end defences was meagre and Wagner's strength much underestimated before July 18. Jones reports Olmstead's statement that Gillmore's signal to Dahlgren on the 18th was intercepted, which Taliaferro did not recall receiving, and that a September 5 signal was intercepted and passed to Ripley and Keitt.

Contemporary knowledge attributed afterward; the interception on the 18th is disputed within Jones's sources. No original reconnaissance, order or message chain was inspected to establish contemporary knowledge. Surprise in a summary does not independently establish what each commander knew.

supportedunresolved Gillmore says rain storms submerged his batteries and spoiled powder, delaying the attack to the afternoon of July 18. Jones says Wagner's garrison was relieved by boat at night, that water was scarce and later tainted, and gives Union sick lists near a quarter of the force in mid-August.

Condition statements from an interested report and a history; not supply returns.

supportedunresolved Gillmore established counter-batteries to dismount Wagner's guns and open the way to an assault; after July 18 he gave priority to demolishing Sumter from ground already held and pressed Wagner by regular approaches. Jones says Gillmore declined another assault unless the navy furnished a column, and that Wagner was finally to be taken by sap and storm.

Stated plans from an interested report and a history.

supportedpost_outcome The frozen and live results read Confederate victory. Gillmore says the southeast bastion was held nearly three hours on July 18 and then given up, and that when the Confederates evacuated on the night of September 6-7 nearly all escaped. Jones calls the July 18 repulse complete and disastrous and the September occupation a barren victory.

Retain the original result and engagement interval; later movements and campaign contribution are different measures. No new probabilities or individual causal credit. The frozen interval ends with the Union occupation of Wagner; the result is preserved as frozen.

disputedpost_outcome The frozen casualty text reads 1,689 total (US 1,515; CS 174); the live field reads 1737 (US 1515; CS 222). Jones gives the Confederate loss on July 18 as 174 and says the Federal loss was never officially ascertained, citing Taliaferro's estimate of not less than 2000 and Beauregard's 3000; elsewhere he gives 1600 to 3000. For the whole fifty-eight days on the island, which include SC005's July 10-11 losses, he gives 641 Confederate killed and wounded, and 296 for the bombardment after deducting the July 10 descent and the July 11 and 18 assaults. At the evacuation Gillmore says seventy men were intercepted; Jones says two boats' crews and twenty-seven soldiers.

Original casualty returns were not inspected; preserve totals, categories, cutoffs and differences. No canonical reconciliation or casualty-based opening count; related actions must not be added without resolving population overlap. July 18, siege-wide and evacuation figures are different populations and must not be added to one another or to SC005.

disputedunresolved Gillmore chose twilight for the assault and says Seymour commanded the column. Jones reports Seymour's charge that Putnam refused to advance, citing Gillmore's orders, and that Stevenson did not obey an order to support; Seymour blamed the delay. Jones names Taliaferro, then Hagood and Keitt, as Confederate commanders in Wagner, and Beauregard as deciding the evacuation after a council. The frozen commanders are Major General Quincy Gillmore (US) and General P. G. T. Beauregard (CS).

Command roles from an interested report and a history; the Seymour-Putnam dispute is preserved, and no listed commander receives automatic sole credit.

unknownunresolved

No inspected return establishes matched personnel at a common opening boundary. Imported numerical estimates remain unchanged; this pass does not validate them as simultaneous opening forces.

disputedunresolved The frozen force text and the live page read 6,800 total (US 5,000; CS 1,800). Jones gives Wagner's garrison on July 18 as an aggregate of about seventeen hundred, the Union force about seven thousand when Beauregard weighed a counterattack, and the Fifty-fourth Massachusetts as nearly a thousand; Gillmore calls the assaulting regiments all small. Jones reports Gillmore's July 20 letter as saying he had commenced operations with somewhat more than 13,000 on Morris and Folly Islands. For the siege Jones gives Union returns of 29,405 present (4661 sick) in August and 28,981 (5269 sick) in September, and about 900 Confederates and 9,000 Union soldiers on the island on September 6; Keitt wrote that he had fewer than four hundred effective infantry. In August Gillmore wrote that Beauregard had twice as many men and five times the artillery.

Figures for different dates and scopes in a record spanning fifty-two days; the frozen figures' basis is not stated in any inspected passage. None is adopted as a matched opening strength.

disputedunresolved Gillmore says the island narrowed just south of Wagner to 25 yards, that the fort spanned the island from high water to Vincent's Creek so the besiegers faced a front three to ten times their own width, and that its bomb-proof could hold 1,500 to 1,600 men; Jones puts the bomb-proof at eight hundred to a thousand and describes a narrow way between marsh and water close to the fort.

Ground and works described by both sides' narrators; the bomb-proof capacities differ. No map verification.