Charleston Harbor SC009

supportedunresolved Jones says the demand for surrender had warned the garrison, that a boat attack had been expected for several nights and a third of the garrison kept under arms; Gillmore says he learned of the admiral's plan only after arranging his own.

Attributed knowledge from a history and an interested report. No original reconnaissance, order or message chain was inspected to establish contemporary knowledge. Surprise in a summary does not independently establish what each commander knew.

supportedunresolved Jones says the admiral had to seek additional boats from Gillmore, who refused them because he meant to storm Sumter himself; the army party was held by low tide at its rendezvous, as Gillmore also reports; a scant supply of ammunition slowed the Sullivan's Island batteries.

Statements from a history and an interested report; no returns inspected.

supportedunresolved Gillmore says Dahlgren demanded Sumter's surrender on September 7 and warned he would move up with the ironclads if refused; Jones says the admiral wanted the Union flag over Sumter before entering the harbor and that each commander meant to seize the fort.

Stated aims from an interested report and a history.

supportedpost_outcome The frozen and live results read Confederate victory. Gillmore says the naval assault was repulsed with considerable loss and his own was abandoned; Jones says the attack failed completely in about twenty minutes. Gillmore also records the Union occupation of the north end of Morris Island on the 7th.

Retain the original result and engagement interval; later movements and campaign contribution are different measures. No new probabilities or individual causal credit.

disputedpost_outcome The frozen casualty text reads (US 117; CS unknown); the live field reads 217 (US 117; CS 100). Jones says of the landed party 6 were killed, 15 wounded and 106 captured, with five barges and five colors; at Moultrie on the 8th an explosion killed sixteen and wounded twelve, and three more were killed and two officers and fourteen men wounded.

Original casualty returns were not inspected; preserve totals, categories, cutoffs and differences. No canonical reconciliation or casualty-based opening count; related actions must not be added without resolving population overlap. Jones's landed-party figures (6 killed, 15 wounded and 106 captured) and the frozen 117 differ; the Moultrie losses belong to the ironclad engagement, not the boat attack.

disputedunresolved Jones says the admiral and the general prepared separate assaults without concert, agreeing only on a signal to avoid collision; Captain Stephens commanded the naval party and Major Elliott the fort; Dahlgren wrote that it did not look like a vigorous assault. Gillmore says the only arrangements made were meant to prevent accident between the parties. The frozen commanders are Major General 'Quincy Gilmore' (US) and General P. G. T. Beauregard (CS); the live page lists Rear Admiral S. Du Pont, whereas the inspected passages name Dahlgren.

Command roles from a history and an interested report; no listed commander receives automatic sole credit. The live commander is not adopted.

unknownunresolved

No inspected return establishes matched personnel at a common opening boundary. Imported numerical estimates remain unchanged; this pass does not validate them as simultaneous opening forces.

disputedunresolved The frozen force text reads Regiments: total unknown (US 413; CS unknown), with a frozen US bound of 413; the live page gives 413 (US 413; CS 0) and describes a storming party of about 400 marines and sailors. Jones says the naval storming party was 450 picked sailors and marines, of whom eleven officers and 116 men landed, that Gillmore's own party was six or seven hundred infantry, and that the Sumter garrison was the First South Carolina Battalion, 205 men, one third kept under arms. For the Moultrie action he names the New Ironsides and five monitors.

Party and garrison figures from a history; the basis of the frozen 413 is not stated in any inspected passage. None is adopted as a matched opening strength.

supportedunresolved Jones says the landed sailors found a ramp of debris topped by a wall fifteen to twenty feet high and had no scaling ladders, and that the gorge front, where a practicable breach existed, was not the one attacked; the Weehawken grounded on the Morris Island beach within range of Moultrie.

Ground described by a history; no map verification.