Totopotomoy Creek VA057

supportedunresolved Humphreys says the withdrawal of May 26–27 was apparently unknown to the enemy, that it became apparent on the 29th that the army was close upon Lee's whole army, and that on the 30th the increased skirmishing near Bethesda Church was thought to be with cavalry until Rodes attacked.

Attributed knowledge from an interested history; no message log inspected.

supportedunresolved Humphreys says the roads were not clear for two corps until mid-morning of the 27th and that Wilson covered the trains' crossing until the morning of the 30th, when Smith's transports began arriving at White House.

Movement statements from an interested history; no supply return inspected.

supportedunresolved Humphreys says the army sought the roads from the Pamunkey to Richmond while Lee sought to cover them, that Early moved to his right under Lee's orders, and that Hancock was ordered to attack to relieve Warren; Meade says the same of the relief attack, in which Barlow carried the first line of rifle-pits.

Stated aims from an interested history and report.

disputedpost_outcome The frozen result reads Inconclusive and the live result Indecisive. NPS says the II Corps took the first line of trenches but was stopped at the main line, and that the V Corps was driven back to Shady Grove Road after heavy fighting near Bethesda Church. Humphreys says the attacking brigade was driven back but the enemy's resolute attack was then repulsed, and relays Warren that the enemy had abandoned the field by ten o'clock.

Retain the original result and engagement interval; later movements and campaign contribution are different measures. No new probabilities or individual causal credit. NPS and Humphreys describe the Bethesda Church outcome differently.

disputedpost_outcome The frozen casualty text reads 2,200 (US 1,100; CS 1,100); the live field reads 1,890 (US 731; CS 1,159). Humphreys gives, for the period after crossing the Pamunkey and before June 1, 1,622 wounded, 400 killed and about 1,000 missing, and thinks Confederate losses to the morning of June 1 were probably nearly equal to the Union's.

Original casualty returns were not inspected; preserve totals, categories, cutoffs and differences. No canonical reconciliation or casualty-based opening count; related actions must not be added without resolving population overlap. Humphreys' figures span May 28–31 and include Haw's Shop and Old Church; they are not assigned here.

supportedunresolved Humphreys says the corps commanders were directed to reconnoitre on the 29th and that Meade ordered Hancock's attack to cease at 7.40; Meade says the enemy attacked Warren near Bethesda Church and was repulsed. The frozen commanders are Grant, Meade and Lee; the live page lists Grant and 'Major General Robert Lee'.

Direction as the sources state; no listed commander receives automatic sole credit.

unknownunresolved

No inspected return establishes matched personnel at a common opening boundary. The frozen side-specific numerical strength bounds are blank (missing_numeric_strength). No figure in this pass is adopted as a simultaneous opening force.

supportedunresolved The frozen force field reads Corps and the live field zero. NPS names the Union II, IX, V and VI Corps and Early's corps. Humphreys says Hancock faced the left of Early's corps, Breckinridge and Hill, and that Rodes's division attacked Crawford's brigade at Bethesda Church.

Formations named without counts. None is adopted as a matched opening strength; live zeros are not measured absence.

supportedinherited Humphreys says the Totopotomoy and neighboring streams have low swampy wooded banks that become impassable in early-summer rains, that Crump's Creek's heads delayed the Sixth Corps, and that Warren's advance met thickly wooded, swampy ground before Early's intrenchments; NPS says the Sixth Corps bogged down in swampy Crump's Creek.

The streams and swamps predate the engagement; the intrenchments do not and are not tagged separately.