Chaffin's Farm/New Market Heights VA075

supportedunresolved Humphreys says every precaution was taken to make the attack a surprise, that reinforcements were seen entering Fort Harrison, and that Ord mistook Confederate reinforcements entering Fort Gilmer for Heckman's division.

Attributed knowledge from an interested history.

supportedunresolved Stannard says two of his regiments had just exchanged their arms for Spencer repeating rifles, that on the 30th an artillery officer reported himself out of ammunition, and that an ordnance wagon brought to the sally-port restored his infantry's ammunition during the second assault. Humphreys says Confederate brigades came from the far right by railroad.

Commanders' statements; no ordnance return inspected.

supportedunresolved Humphreys says Ord and Birney were to cross and advance on Richmond, that Fort Gilmer rather than Fort Harrison controlled the Chapin's Bluff defences, and that the Confederate brigades gathered to retake Fort Harrison on the 30th.

Stated aims from an interested history.

supportedpost_outcome The frozen and live results read Union victory. Humphreys says Fort Harrison was captured with sixteen guns but the attacks on Fort Gilmer failed, and the September 30 assaults were repulsed with heavy loss; Stannard says his division carried and held the position against superior numbers and took 22 guns in all.

Retain the original result and engagement interval; later movements and campaign contribution are different measures. No new probabilities or individual causal credit. Humphreys' sixteen guns in the fort and Stannard's 22 in all the works are different scopes.

disputedpost_outcome The frozen casualty text reads 4,430 total and the live field 5,000 (US 3,300; CS 1,700). Humphreys gives the Adjutant General's table of 394 killed, 1,554 wounded and 324 missing (2,272) for both days, the Medical and Surgical History's Confederate 2,000 and Bratton's 377; Stannard reports 92 killed and 502 wounded in his division on the 29th, with 330 reported missing that he expected to shrink.

Original casualty returns were not inspected; preserve totals, categories, cutoffs and differences. No canonical reconciliation or casualty-based opening count; related actions must not be added without resolving population overlap.

supportedunresolved Humphreys says Grant came to Fort Harrison and ordered Birney forward, that Ord was disabled and blamed Heckman's scattered advance, that Ewell commanded north of the James and Lee joined him, and that Anderson led the September 30 assault; Stannard says he ordered Burnham's brigade to carry the works. Butler's direction is not described in the inspected passages. The frozen commanders are Lee and Ewell (CS) and Butler (US); the live page lists Butler and 'Major General Robert Lee'.

Direction and criticism attributed as stated; the live rank is not adopted. No listed commander receives automatic sole credit.

unknownunresolved

No inspected return establishes matched personnel at a common opening boundary. The frozen side-specific numerical strength bounds are blank (missing_numeric_strength). No figure in this pass is adopted as a simultaneous opening force.

disputedunresolved The frozen force field reads 'Armies' and the live field zero. Humphreys says Ord took 2,000 men from each of two divisions and Birney's column was about 10,000 strong, against Field's three brigades, Fulton's brigade, the local defence and heavy artillery, with ten brigades concentrated at Fort Gilmer for the 30th; he relays Bratton's 1,165 men and 129 officers. Stannard says his division's September 28 field return gave 3,115 for duty, less 260 left in camp.

Columns, a division field return and one Confederate brigade figure, of different dates; the frozen 'Armies' is not a count. None is adopted as a matched opening strength; live zeros are not measured absence.

supportedinherited Humphreys calls Fort Harrison the strongest work on the main line and says Stannard's column crossed about 1,400 yards of open ground; Stannard says it crossed a heavy plowed field under plunging fire. Humphreys says Ames's division crossed three ravines filled with fallen trees before Fort Gilmer.

The forts and lines predate the attack. No map verification.