Petersburg VA089

disputedunresolved Humphreys, following Wright, says the point of assault was chosen after personal examination and the reports of officers who had long scanned the works, and that the attack could not have succeeded without the picket line taken on March 25; Lee reported on April 2 that the enemy had broken through and intercepted his brigades. Humphreys says Ord's secret march with part of the Twenty-fourth Corps left the enemy in ignorance of it until April 2, but Lee's April 1 letter reports prisoners taken that day from the Twenty-fourth Corps and a belief that most of it was south of the James.

Attributed knowledge from an interested history and dispatches. Humphreys' 'ignorance' and Lee's April 1 report conflict and are not reconciled; Lee's letter records a belief, not a complete order of battle.

supportedunresolved Lee wrote that no bridge short of Goode's or Beaver's let the cut-off brigades cross the Appomattox and that the Danville road would be safe until the next day; Humphreys says Wright's troops were exhausted after eighteen hours under arms and that the retreat began at eight at night with the artillery ahead and the trains kept off the troops' roads.

Movement and supply statements from dispatches and a history; no return inspected.

supportedunresolved Humphreys says the assaulting corps were to move on Petersburg after carrying the works; Lee wrote that he saw no prospect of more than holding his position till night and that his only chance of concentrating was near the Danville railroad.

Stated aims from a history and dispatches.

supportedpost_outcome The frozen and live results read Union victory. Humphreys says the Sixth Corps gained the whole front of attack, Parke took the works on either side of the Jerusalem plank road but not a rear line, Fort Gregg was taken, and Lee's intrenchments were found abandoned at three in the morning of April 3; Lee wrote that he must abandon his position that night.

Retain the original result and engagement interval; later movements and campaign contribution are different measures. No new probabilities or individual causal credit. The fall of Petersburg and Richmond is a campaign consequence.

disputedpost_outcome The frozen casualty text reads 7,750 (US 3,500; CS 4,250) and the live field 8,746 (US 3,894; CS 4,852). Humphreys gives Wright's 1,100 killed and wounded in fifteen minutes, Parke's capture of 12 guns and 800 prisoners, and Gibbon's loss of 714 with two guns and about 300 prisoners taken and 55 dead found in Fort Gregg; he gives no Confederate total.

Original casualty returns were not inspected; preserve totals, categories, cutoffs and differences. No canonical reconciliation or casualty-based opening count; related actions must not be added without resolving population overlap. Corps figures cover different parts of the day's front and are not summed.

supportedunresolved Humphreys says Grant, on news of Five Forks, ordered the Second Corps to feel for a vulnerable point and the assault by Ord, Wright and Parke at four in the morning, and that he himself directed Hays's assault on the Crow house redoubts; he thinks A. P. Hill was probably killed by a party of the Sixth Corps. Lee says he gave all the orders for the withdrawal. The frozen commanders are Lee (CS) and Grant (US); the live page lists Grant and 'Major General Robert Lee'.

Direction attributed as stated; Humphreys' order to Hays is his own participant account. The live rank is not adopted. No listed commander receives automatic sole credit.

unknownunresolved

No inspected return establishes matched personnel at a common opening boundary. The frozen side-specific numerical strength bounds are blank (missing_numeric_strength). No figure in this pass is adopted as a simultaneous opening force.

supportedunresolved The frozen force field reads 'Armies' and the live field zero. Humphreys says the works in front of Ord and Wright were held by four brigades of Hill's corps under Wilcox, about 4,000 enlisted men by the February 20 return, and those in front of Parke by Gordon's corps, about 7,600 by the same return, and relays Wilcox that Fort Gregg held 200 infantry; Lee wrote that the brigades on Hatcher's Run were cut off.

February return strengths assigned to formations, not April 2 counts; the Union assaulting force is described by corps only. None is adopted as a matched opening strength; live zeros are not measured absence.

supportedinherited Humphreys, following Wright, says the ground before the Sixth Corps was cleared of trees, the parapets had high relief and deep ditches behind two lines of abatis with a fraise, and batteries every few hundred yards; he describes Fort Gregg as enclosed at the rear by a ditch eight or ten feet deep.

The works and ground predate the assault. No map verification.