Winchester, Second VA107

supportedunresolved Doubleday says Milroy could not believe an entire Confederate corps was near him because his superiors had not told him that much of Lee's army had moved to Culpeper, and that the enemy cut the wires before he received an answer to his request for orders.

Attributed knowledge from an interested history; no inspected message log.

supportedunresolved Doubleday says Milroy's cannon ammunition was nearly exhausted and he had but one day's rations, so he abandoned his trains and artillery to break out. Lee says the operations captured 28 guns, about 300 wagons and many stores.

Supply statements from an interested history and the opposing commander; no inspected return.

supportedunresolved NPS says Lee ordered Ewell to clear the lower Shenandoah Valley. Lee says the operations expelled the enemy from the Valley; Doubleday says it was essential to Lee's advance that the valley be cleared of Union troops, and that Milroy remonstrated against orders to send his armament and supplies back to Harper's Ferry.

Stated aims from a summary, the opposing commander and an interested history; no inspected orders.

supportedpost_outcome The frozen and live results read Confederate victory. NPS says more than 2,400 Federals surrendered; Lee says the loss of the advanced works rendered the others untenable, and the enemy retreated in the night; he says Milroy fled to Harper's Ferry with a small party; Doubleday says portions escaped to Harper's Ferry and by the Bath road while Ely's and McReynolds's brigades were largely captured.

Retain the original result and engagement interval; later movements and campaign contribution are different measures. No new probabilities or individual causal credit.

disputedpost_outcome The frozen and live casualty texts read 4,709 total (US 4,443; CS 266). Lee gives the Confederate loss as 47 killed, 219 wounded and 3 missing, and 4,000 prisoners taken in all the Valley operations. Doubleday relays Milroy's claim to have brought off 5,000 men, Early's 108 officers and 3,250 enlisted men sent as prisoners to Richmond and Johnson's 2,800.

Original casualty returns were not inspected; preserve totals, categories, cutoffs and differences. No canonical reconciliation or casualty-based opening count; related actions must not be added without resolving population overlap. Lee's totals include Martinsburg and other Valley operations; prisoner counts differ by reporter.

supportedunresolved Lee credits Early's attack on the northwest works and Johnson's interception at Stephenson's Depot. Doubleday says Milroy's column split in the retreat through misunderstanding. The frozen and live commanders are Milroy, a Brigadier General, and Ewell, a Lieutenant General.

Subordinate roles and judgments are attributed; the frozen commanders do not receive automatic sole credit.

unknownunresolved

No inspected return establishes matched personnel at a common opening boundary. The frozen structured bounds (US 7,000; CS 12,500) are imported source-reported figures and remain unchanged; this pass does not validate them as simultaneous opening forces.

supportedunresolved The frozen force text reads 19,500 total (US 7,000; CS 12,500), with matching structured bounds, and the live field agrees. Doubleday calls Milroy's garrison very considerable and says a prisoner told Milroy he faced Ewell's corps; Lee says more than 2,300 infantry surrendered to Johnson, more than the force Johnson engaged.

Imported bounds are unchanged; the report figures are not opening strengths.

supportedinherited Doubleday says Milroy's main forts stood on Applebie Ridge, with rifle-pits begun on Flint Ridge to command the western roads. Lee says Early found that an intrenched position northwest of the town, near the Pughtown road, would command the principal fortifications.

Works present before or at the start of the frozen interval, per an interested history and the opposing commander; Early's reconnaissance and Hays's capture are in-interval actions, not inherited conditions. No map verification.